Medicaid Provider Spending

$1.09 trillion in Medicaid claims data, 2018–2024 · 617K+ providers

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Interesting places to explore in the data:

Notable Providers

Public Partnerships LLC$7.18B, fiscal intermediary

ModivCare Solutions LLC$3.09B, classified as "Taxi"

Freedom Care LLC$3.03B, home health

AssistCareHome Healthcare$1.44B, Brooklyn

Browse by Specialty

Home Health Agency$132B, 11.6K providers

Acute Care Hospital$67.6B, 3.3K providers

Community Behavioral Health$65B, 10.4K providers

Case Management Agency$52.7B, 3.9K providers

Biggest States

New York$243B, largest by far

California$120B, 69K providers

Texas$56B

Brooklyn, NY$60B from one borough

Spending Analysis

Deep dives into the data:

Brooklyn's $31.8 Billion Personal Care Industry318 providers in one borough bill almost exclusively one code — more than the entire Medicaid spending of most states.

The Fastest-Growing Medicaid Providers in AmericaWhich providers saw the biggest spending increases from 2023 to 2024 — and what they're billing for.

The 25 Most Expensive Medicaid Billing CodesFrom personal care to ambulance rides, here's where $1.09 trillion in Medicaid spending actually goes.

The $33.9 Billion Medicaid Transportation MachineFrom ambulances to taxi companies, medical transportation is one of the largest and most fraud-prone categories in Medicaid.

Which States Spend the Most Per Medicaid Beneficiary?Alaska spends $277 per beneficiary while Illinois spends $59 — a 4.7x gap that reflects very different Medicaid programs.

Every Medicaid Provider That Has Billed Over $1 Billion40 providers have each billed more than $1 billion in Medicaid payments between 2018 and 2024. Here's the full list.

The Company That Billed $910 Million Delivering MealsPurFoods LLC in Ankeny, Iowa is the largest single Medicaid meal delivery provider in the country.

Excluded Providers: $350 Million in Medicaid Payments to Banned EntitiesArizona and Ohio lead the nation in Medicaid spending on OIG-excluded providers — entities banned from federal healthcare programs.

Michigan's H2015 Anomaly: 235 Claims Per BeneficiaryA cluster of Michigan providers shows extreme claims-per-beneficiary ratios on community support billing code H2015.

Who Controls 2,000 Medicaid Providers? Entity Proliferation in the NPI RegistryA handful of authorized officials control thousands of Medicaid billing entities, representing billions in spending. Some are legitimate healthcare conglomerates. The pattern itself is worth understanding.

How One Program Drives Half of New York's Medicaid Spending$74.6 billion in personal care billing — one code, one state, one program.

T1019: The $122 Billion Billing CodePersonal care services is the single largest Medicaid billing code — and the populations it serves are among the most vulnerable.

Rural Medicaid Spending: $138.8 Billion Across 102,819 ProvidersCounty-level analysis of Medicaid spending in rural America using USDA RUCA codes — where the money goes, what it pays for, and how rural spending differs from urban.

Rural Substance Abuse Spending Tripled in Six YearsMedicaid spending on substance abuse treatment in rural America grew from $329 million in 2018 to over $1 billion in 2023 — a 208% increase across 1,566 providers in 41 states.

The Cost of Flying Rural Medicaid Patients: $1.8 Billion in Air TransportAir ambulance billing codes are the most disproportionately rural category in all of Medicaid — with non-emergency air transport split nearly 50/50 between rural and urban despite rural areas accounting for just 12.8% of total spending.

Top Medicaid Billing Providers, 2018–2024

#ProviderLocationTotal ClaimsTotal Paid
1 PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS LLC LATHAM, NY 89,773,441 $7.18B
2 LOS ANGELES COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HEALTH LOS ANGELES, CA 30,870,976 $6.78B
3 TEMPUS UNLIMITED, INC. STOUGHTON, MA 63,523,750 $5.57B
4 MODIVCARE SOLUTIONS, LLC DENVER, CO 107,716,418 $3.09B
5 FREEDOM CARE LLC NEW HYDE PARK, NY 21,977,069 $3.03B
6 GUARDIANTRAC. LLC STURGIS, MI 35,557,539 $2.68B
7 DEPARTMENT OF INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, STATE OF TN NASHVILLE, TN 16,349,155 $2.60B
8 ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL RETARDATION MONTGOMERY, AL 1,950,098 $2.25B
9 CONSUMER DIRECT CARE NETWORK VIRGINIA MISSOULA, MT 22,162,533 $2.11B
10 COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA SAN JOSE, CA 4,656,205 $1.73B
11 AMERICAN BUSINESS INSTITUTE CORP FLUSHING, NY 11,238,391 $1.68B
12 PREMIER HOME HEALTH CARE SERVICES INC NEW YORK, NY 7,928,022 $1.48B
13 DEPARTMENT OF INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, STATE OF TN NASHVILLE, TN 5,287,026 $1.45B
14 ASSISTCAREHOME HEALTHCARE SERVICES BROOKLYN, NY 9,386,423 $1.44B
15 LABORATORY CORPORATION OF AMERICA HOLDINGS BURLINGTON, NC 103,910,314 $1.44B
16 COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE, CA 8,714,521 $1.40B
17 DEPARTMENT OF DEVELOPMENTAL SERVICES SOUTHBRIDGE, MA 1,662,383 $1.35B
18 CITY & COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO SAN FRANCISCO, CA 6,184,815 $1.34B
19 COMPASS HEALTH, INC. CLINTON, MO 10,541,518 $1.28B
20 CITY OF CHICAGO CHICAGO, IL 1,593,649 $1.23B
21 COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETS BEVERLY, MA 1,557,105 $1.14B
22 LOS ANGELES COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH ALHAMBRA, CA 14,999,665 $1.13B
23 NAE EDISON LLC BROOKLYN, NY 6,915,432 $1.11B
24 HEART TO HEART HOME CARE, INC. BROOKLYN, NY 7,622,845 $1.10B
25 COMMONWEALTH OF MASS-DDS HYDE PARK, MA 1,432,892 $1.10B
26 MARKS HOMECARE AGENCY INC CORONA, NY 6,692,707 $1.08B
27 YALE NEW HAVEN HOSPITAL NEW HAVEN, CT 23,557,851 $1.08B
28 NEW PARTNERS, INC NEW YORK, NY 5,875,713 $1.08B
29 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND SENIOR SERVICES TRENTON, NJ 3,312,341 $1.07B
30 ALAMEDA COUNTY BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CARE OAKLAND, CA 6,138,417 $1.07B
31 CONCEPTS OF INDEPENDENCE, INC. NEW YORK, NY 5,015,054 $1.06B
32 ACUMEN FISCAL AGENT LLC MESA, AZ 10,544,174 $1.06B
33 COUNTY OF SAN BERNARDINO SAN BERNARDINO, CA 6,532,613 $1.05B
34 COMMUNITY ASSISTANCE RESOURCES & EXTENDED SERVICES INC NEW YORK, NY 2,757,160 $1.04B
35 STAVROS CENTER FOR INDEPENDENT LIVING, INC. AMHERST, MA 11,206,578 $1.04B
36 HEALTH ACQUISITION CORP. FOREST HILLS, NY 5,716,218 $1.03B
37 MAINS'L FLORIDA, INC. BROOKLYN PARK, MN 306,131 $996.80M
38 MONTEFIORE MEDICAL CENTER BRONX, NY 17,112,336 $961.14M
39 CARING PROFESSIONALS, INC FOREST HILLS, NY 5,589,304 $953.48M
40 PURFOODS, LLC ANKENY, IA 51,017,667 $910.63M
41 COUNTY OF SACRAMENTO SACRAMENTO, CA 4,320,082 $903.14M
42 MEDICAL TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT, INC. LAKE ST LOUIS, MO 34,388,480 $894.41M
43 PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS-COLORADO, INC. BOSTON, MA 5,599,208 $887.50M
44 COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS-DDS HYANNIS, MA 781,227 $881.89M
45 PLATINUM HOME HEALTH CARE INC. BROOKLYN, NY 4,759,464 $865.88M
46 THE CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION CLEVELAND, OH 16,016,267 $863.55M
47 GIRLING HEALTH CARE, INC. AUSTIN, TX 14,797,415 $858.20M
48 C AND T HOMECARE SERVICES LLC GREAT NECK, NY 5,704,959 $848.21M
49 HOME FAMILY CARE, INC BROOKLYN, NY 5,447,800 $842.52M
50 HUMAN CARE LLC BROOKLYN, NY 4,928,110 $840.48M

Top Billing Codes by Total Spending

CodeDescriptionProvidersTotal Paid
T1019 Personal care services, per 15 minutes, not for an inpatient or resident of a hospital, nursing facility, icf/mr or imd, part of the individualized plan of treatment (code may not be used to identify services provided by home health aide or certified nurse assistant) 9,780 $122.74B
T1015 Clinic visit/encounter, all-inclusive 13,829 $49.15B
T2016 Habilitation, residential, waiver; per diem 1,761 $34.90B
99213 Office or other outpatient visit for the evaluation and management of an established patient, low complexity 164,075 $33.00B
S5125 Attendant care services; per 15 minutes 4,555 $31.34B
99214 Office or other outpatient visit for the evaluation and management of an established patient, moderate complexity 150,306 $29.91B
99284 Emergency department visit for the evaluation and management, high severity 21,452 $20.15B
H2016 Comprehensive community support services, per diem 2,115 $19.75B
99283 Emergency department visit for the evaluation and management, moderate severity 20,157 $16.87B
H2015 Comprehensive community support services, per 15 minutes 3,908 $16.47B
99285 Emergency department visit for the evaluation and management, high severity with immediate threat to life 17,705 $15.10B
90837 Psychotherapy, 53 minutes with patient 44,034 $12.07B
S5102 Day care services, adult; per diem 2,146 $9.34B
90834 Psychotherapy, 45 minutes with patient 27,908 $8.82B
T2021 Day habilitation, waiver; per 15 minutes 2,363 $8.65B
H2017 Psychosocial rehabilitation services, per 15 minutes 4,499 $8.54B
T1017 Targeted case management, each 15 minutes 4,498 $8.42B
T1020 Personal care services, per diem, not for an inpatient or resident of a hospital, nursing facility, icf/mr or imd, part of the individualized plan of treatment (code may not be used to identify services provided by home health aide or certified nurse assistant) 1,038 $8.21B
90999 Unlisted dialysis procedure, inpatient or outpatient 4,989 $7.74B
A0427 Ambulance service, advanced life support, emergency transport, level 1 (als 1 - emergency) 5,789 $7.67B